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Emmy Noether
Emmy Noether. Photo One of these women mathematicians was Germanborn EmmyNoether. Emmy Noether was born in Erlangen, Germany on March 23, 1882.
http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/noether.htm

Extractions: March 23, 1882 - April 14, 1935 Traditionally, people consider mathematicians to be men. This, however, is not entirely true. Throughout history, there have been many women mathematicians who have contributed just as much as their male-counterparts. Even though their names might have been forgotten, their contributions to mathematics have not. One of these women mathematicians was German-born Emmy Noether. Emmy Noether was born in Erlangen, Germany on March 23, 1882. She was named Amalie, but always called "Emmy". She was the eldest of four children, but one of only two that survived childhood. Her brother, Fritz also made a career of mathematics. Her father was Max Noether, a noted mathematician of his time. Her mother was Ida Amalie, for whom Emmy was named. As a child, Emmy Noether did not concentrate on mathematics. She spent her time in school studying languages, with a concentration on French and English. Her mother taught her the traditional skills of a young woman of that time. She learned to cook, clean, and play the clavier. At the time of her graduation from high school, she passed a test that allowed her to teach both French and English at schools for young women. At the age of 18, Emmy Noether decided to take classes in mathematics at the University of Erlangen. Her brother, Fritz, was a student there, and her father was a professor of mathematics. Because she was a woman, the university refused to let Emmy Noether take classes They granted her permission to audit classes. She sat in on classes for two years, and then took the exam that would permit her to be a doctoral student in mathematics. She passed the test, and finally was a student in good standing at the University. After five more years of study, she was granted the second degree to a woman in the field of mathematics. The first graduated a year earlier.
Emmy Noether
Emmy Noether. (1882 1935). In 1935, the year of Emmy Noether's death,Albert Einstein wrote in a letter to the New York Times, In
http://www.math.unl.edu/~awm/awm_folder/NoetherBrochure/AboutNoether.html

Extractions: Emmy Noether In 1935, the year of Emmy Noether's death, Albert Einstein wrote in a letter to the New York Times, "In the judgement of the most competent living mathematicians, Fraulein Noether was the most significant creative mathematical genius thus far produced since the higher education of women began." Born in 1882 in Germany, Emmy Noether persisted in the face of tremendous obstacles to become one of the greatest algebraists of this century. Known primarily for her profound and beautiful theorems in ring theory, Emmy Noether's most significant achievement runs deeper: she changed the way mathematicians think about their subject. "She taught us to think in simple, and thus general, terms... homomorphic image, the group or ring with operators, the ideal... and not in complicated algebraic calculations," said her colleague P.S. Alexandroff during a memorial service after her death. In this way, she cleared a path toward the discovery of new algebraic pattems that had previously been obscured. Despite her intellectual achievements and the recognition of such mathematicians as David Hilbert and Hermann Weyl, Emmy Noether endured years of poor treatment by German universities, where for a time she could not even lecture under her own name. Weyl later wrote that, even when the Nazis prevented her from lecturing, "her courage, her frankness, her unconcern about her own fate, her conciliatory spirit, were, in the midst of all the hatred and meanness, despair and sorrow...a moral solace." Forced out of Germany by the Nazis in 1933, Emmy Noether came to Bryn Mawr College, where she soon collected many students and colleagues around her. She died there just two years later at the age of fifty-three.
Emmy (Amalie) Noether
Emmy (Amalie) Noether Nacida el 23 de marzo de 1882, en Alemania de una familia que contenía 10 matemáticos en tres generaciones.
http://cuhwww.upr.clu.edu/mate/museo/mujeres/emmy.htm

Extractions: Contenido Anterior Próxima Emmy (Amalie) Noether Nacida el 23 de marzo de 1882, en Alemania de una familia que contenía 10 matemáticos en tres generaciones. Recibió tutorias y en 1907 escribió su tesis doctoral: Sistemas Completos de Invariantes para Formas Bicuadráticas Ternarias . Emmy sustituía a su padre para dar clases cuando éste estaba enfermo. Luego el padre se retiró, su madre murió y su hermano se fué al ejército. Emmy se mudó a vivir con su hermano y trabajó junto a él en la teoría general de la relatividad, de la cual ella ofreció la fórmula genuina y universal matemática. Luego comenzó a dar clases usando el nombre de Hilbert y en 1919 fué que comenzó a trabajar dando clases usando su verdadero nombre. En 1922, la nombraron profesora; pero no recibía salario. Ella formó, con el trabajo de su padre matemático, su teorema general de ideales en anillos arbitrarios, ayudando a establecer las tendencias axiomáticas e integrales de álgebra abstracta. Trabajó para los años 20, con Hasse y Richard Brauer, en el tema de álgebra no conmutativa, y Hasse publicó un ensayo con la teoría de Emmy y su investigación en la teoría de álgebra cíclica. En la Universidad de Götingen se reconoció por su forma diferente de dar clases; siendo menos formal y más original al exponer sus temas. Su nombre aparece en unos 37 ensayos escritos por estudiantes o colaboradores de ella. Su influencia en muchos matemáticos fue evidente y se caracterizaba por la facilidad de clarificar conceptos difíciles para otros. Emmy fue llamada para trabajar en Europa, lo cual añadió mayor prestigio a su nombre.
NOETHER Emmy
noether emmy 18821935, noether emmy 1882-1935.
http://trucsmaths.free.fr/images/matheux/math_noether.htm
Emmy NOETHER
1.10. Emmy NOETHER (18821935). 1982), 133-137, Springer, New York, Berlin, 1983.Gottfried E. noether emmy Noether , pp. 165-170 dans Women of Mathematics.
http://www.desargues.univ-lyon1.fr/home/fem/biblio/biblio-1-10.html
Emmy Noether
Emmy Noether. Of all the women mathematicians, Emmy Noether is generallythe best known. Emmy Noether was an astounding mathematician.
http://www.cs.appstate.edu/~sjg/womenandminoritiesinmath/student/noether/noether

Extractions: Emmy Noether Of all the women mathematicians, Emmy Noether is generally the best known. Often described as a loving, intelligent woman, she was impressive by many standards. She was faced with gender issues and political tensions in her lifetime, but her passion for mathematics remained strong.(Mishna par. 1) Emmy Noethers early years got her started in her interest of learning. Emmy Noether was born on March 23, 1882 in Erlangen Germany to Max and Ida Noether. She was raised as a typical middle class German daughter and went to school from age seven to fifteen. She pursued further study in French and English. By the age of eighteen she passed the examination of the state of Bavaria for teachers of English and French at schools for girls. Emmy was not satisfied ending her education so she decided to try and continue her education. For the next eight years Emmy researched and substituted for her dad at Erlangen. Emmy did not have any opportunities after she received her doctorate. Women were not allowed to teach in universities so Emmy could not make a living. Her dad allowed her to substitute under his name but she still could not make a salary. After working with her father she started to become well known and working with renowned mathematicians. In 1909 Emmy joined the German Mathematical Association and gave her first public talk establishing herself as a mathematician. From 1910 to 1919 Ernst Fischer had a greater influence then anyone on Emmys mathematics. Together they studied finite rational and integral bases. In 1916 she derived the conservation laws of physics that made her well known in the physics realm. Hilbert and Klein invited Emmy back to Gottingen in 1915. Emmys attempt to obtain Habilitation (permission to lecture) in 1915 was denied. Hilbert allowed her to lecture under his name until 1919 when women were granted habilitation. Unfortunately for Emmy she was not given a salary for the work that she did. In 1922 she was recommended for associate professor without tenure. With this promotion she received a small salary. From 1924-1925 B.L. van der Waerden became one of Emmys students.
EMMY NOETHER
Emmy Noether (18821935) mathematician. Within the world mathematical community,Emmy Noether is widely regarded as the greatest of all woman mathematicians.
http://faculty.evansville.edu/ck6/bstud/noether.html

Extractions: mathematician Within the world mathematical community, Emmy Noether is widely regarded as the greatest of all woman mathematicians. She was born in the German university town of Erlangen, where her father, Max Noether, was a professor of mathematics. After receiving the Ph.D. degree from the University of Erlangen under Paul Gordan, Dr. Noether moved to the University of Göttingen, known in those days as the Mecca of Mathematics. There she developed as a world-class algebraist and taught a number of doctoral students who eventually became leading algebraists. Noether came to the United States in 1933, where she taught at Bryn Mawr College near Philadelphia and lectured at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. Emmy Noether's name is known to many physicists through Noether's Theorem, described by Peter G. Bergmann as a cornerstone of work in general relativity as well as in certain aspects of elementary particles physics. For details, see Brewer and Smith, page 16. Her name is known to mathematicians largely in connection with the adjective noetherian
Emmy Noether
Translate this page noether emmy allemande, 1882-1935. Née à Erlangen, fille du mathématicienMax Noether, E. Noether étudia les mathématiques aux
http://www.etab.ac-caen.fr/cdgaulle/discip/scphy/femmescien/EmmyNOETHER/EmmyNOET
Emmy Noether
Emmy Noether (18821935). Excerpt from Math Odyssey 2000. The storyof Emmy Noether raises the questions of nature or nurture ?
http://www.sonoma.edu/Math/faculty/falbo/noether.html

Extractions: Excerpt from Math Odyssey 2000 The story of Emmy Noether raises the questions of "nature or nurture"? Did she become a great mathematician by heredity? (after-all, her father was a very high ranking mathematician) or by environment? (he exerted a very strong influence over his children and created a "mathematical atmosphere" in his household). She certainly had the right genes, and she later proved to be a true mathematical genius; but as a very young child, Emmy had exhibited absolutely no interest in mathematics. When her younger brother, Fritz, began to fall under the influence of her father, she eventually had to take up the subject, possibly, in an effort to defend herself in a household of mathematicians. Lynn Osen, one of her biographers writes: "If the ambience of her home had been different, she might have never chosen a career in mathematics, but the provocative discussions that swooped and soared around the young Emmy's head sparked an interest that was overpowering." Lynn M. Osen, Women In Mathematics , MIT Press, Cambridge, 1974
Emmy Noether
Emmy Noether. In 1880, Max. Noether married Ida Kaufman who came from a wealthyJewish family in Cologne. Emmy Noether was not paid for these lectures.
http://www.math.sfu.ca/histmath/Europe/20thCenturyAD/Emmy.html

Extractions: In 1880, Max. Noether married Ida Kaufman who came from a wealthy Jewish family in Cologne. Together they had and raised four children. Emmy, the eldest, was born in Erlangen, Germany on March 23, 1882. Her father Max Noether was a distinguished algebraic geometer. Of the four children Emmy and her brother Fritz followed their father's footsteps and became mathematicians also. As a child Emmy showed no signs of extraordinary ability in mathematics, nor did she concentrate on mathematics. From 1889 to 1897 she attended the Hohere Tochter Schule in Erlangen where with many other young women she studied French and English and learned to play the piano. Upon reaching womanhood she attended many parties and developed a love for dancing. In 1900, at the age of 18, she took the Bavarian State Examination to become a certified teacher of English and French. It would seem at this point that Emmy had completed her education for she had taken all the schooling that was deemed necessary for a young woman of her social class. It was at this time that Emmy broke away from the normal expectations of women and decided to take mathematics classes at the university of Erlangen. While nowadays women may attend university freely it was not easy for women to do so in the early years of this century. Women were allowed to audit courses, with the professor's permission, but were not allowed to write examinations.
Mathematicians - Emmy Noether
Emmy Noether. Emmy Noether was one of the most influencial algebraiciansof the 20th century. She was born in Germany as the daughter
http://ch172.thinkquest.hostcenter.ch/mathematicians8.html

Extractions: Intro Leonhard Euler Pierre de Fermat Carl Friedrich Gauss ... Isaac Newton Emmy Noether Pythagoras of Samos Bertrand Russell Mandelbrot and Sierpinski Game ... Mathematicians Emmy Noether was one of the most influencial algebraicians of the 20th century. She was born in Germany as the daughter of a wealthy Jewish family. Even though her father was a math professor, she attended a girls college that taught mainly languages and home economics. Afterwards she earned a degree in teaching English and French. Only now she decided to study at a university. At that time it still was a big deal for a woman to attend a university; in her class, out of 1000 students, only two were female and she was the only one to study sciences. Since she was a woman, she couldn't hand in her thesis. A professor let her lecture as his "assistant" and she soon collected a group of students around her. They talked about mathematical problems and she helped them with their dissertations, even before she could get her own Ph.D. In 1919, after the German empire broke up, Noether's thesis was accepted and she got her first job as a professor, though unpaid for the first year. Later she got paid a minimal wage. She soon was famous in the world of mathematicians, and students from all over the world came to study with her because she was known to be of great help. She once wrote about herself:
Emmy Amalie Noether
Emmy Amalie Noether 18821935 Emmy Noether's father, Max Noether,was a distinguished mathematician and a professor at Erlangen.
http://www.stetson.edu/~efriedma/periodictable/html/No.html

Extractions: Emmy Noether's father, Max Noether, was a distinguished mathematician and a professor at Erlangen. In school, she studied German, English, French, arithmetic and was given piano lessons. She loved dancing and intended to become a language teacher. After further study of English and French, in 1900 she became a certificated teacher of English and French in Bavarian girls schools. Having completed her doctorate, the normal progression to an academic post would have been the habilitation. However this route was not open to women so Noether remained at Erlangen, helping her father. Noether also worked on her own research. Noether's reputation grew quickly as her publications appeared. In 1908, she was elected to the Circolo Matematico di Palermo, then in 1909 she was invited to become a member of the Deutsche Mathematiker Vereinigung and in the same year she was invited to address the annual meeting of the Society in Salzburg. In 1913 she lectured in Vienna. After 1919, Noether moved away from invariant theory to work on ideal theory, producing an abstract theory which helped develop ring theory into a major mathematical topic. This paper was of fundamental importance in the development of modern algebra. In this paper she gave the decomposition of ideals into intersections of primary ideals in any commutative ring with ascending chain condition. Lasker (the world chess champion) had already proved this result for polynomial rings.
Emmy Noether
Emmy Noether. 4/26/99. Click here to start. Table of Contents. Emmy Noether. EmmyNoether. Emmy Noether. Emmy Noether. Emmy Noether. Emmy Noether. Emmy Noether.
http://www.hsu.edu/faculty/worthf/mathematicians/Noether/
Emmy Noether
Emmy Noether. Her father Max Noether was a distinguished mathematicianand a professor at Erlangen. Originally, her aim was to become
http://www.hsu.edu/faculty/worthf/mathematicians/Noether/tsld002.htm
Emmy Noether
Emmy Amalie Noether. Emmy Noether is best known for her contributions to abstractalgebra, in particular, her study of chain conditions on ideals of rings.
http://www1.physik.tu-muenchen.de/~gammel/matpack/html/Biographies/Noether_Emmy.

Extractions: Emmy Noether is best known for her contributions to abstract algebra, in particular, her study of chain conditions on ideals of rings. Idealtheorie in Ringbereichen (1921) was of fundamental importance in the development of modern algebra. In this paper she gave the decomposition of ideals into intersections of primary ideals in any commutative ring with ascending chain condition. Lasker (the world chess champion) had already proved this result for polynomial rings. Moderne Algebra in two volumes. The major part of the second volume consists of Noether's work. From 1927 on Noether collaborated with Helmut Hasse> and Richard Brauer in work on non- commutative algebras. She also did important work in the theory of invariants, which led to formulations for several concepts of Einstein 's general theory of relativity. From a physics perspective, Emmy Noether's most famous accomplishment is what is sometimes referred to as Noether's Theorem , which proves a relationship between symmetries in physics and conservation principles.
Emmy Noether
Emmy Noether, the greatest of women mathematicians, a great scientist,an amazing teacher, and an unforgettable person so it says in books.
http://www.jenine.org/geogirls2000/people/emmynoether.html

Extractions: Emmy Noether, "...the greatest of women mathematicians, a great scientist, an amazing teacher, and an unforgettable person..." so it says in books. She lived from 1882-1935 in Erlangen, Germany. She lived there with her three brothers, all younger then her, but two died at a young age. Her only living brother was two years younger than her. The family was Jewish and they thought that learning was a very valued thing. Her father, whose name was Max, did mathematics and was a research scientist at the University of Erlangen. Her mother, Ida Amalie, was a very tidy woman. Emmy had very bad vision, so she wore thick glasses. She learned what the middle classes were learning. She also learned how to play the clavier, something like the piano. She did the dusting and cooking. She liked languages and learned French and English. After high school, she took a test and was then able to teach English and French at a school for girls. Her life was following the of pattern of young women of her time and place. But times were changing, and her family was not very ordinary. Many German universities had started something different. They were enrolling young women to earn degrees. Her brother, Fritz, was following his father footsteps by enrolling at the University of Erlangen. As an 18 year old, she began to sit in on her brother's classes. Mabye just because her brother was following her father's footsteps is why she sat her brother's classes, but who knows. She did this for 2 years. She did the examination for entrance as a doctoral student in mathmatics later on and passed. She was now a student in a good career opening. Later she became the second woman to get a mathmatics degree at the University. A year before the other woman that got a degree at the University got her degree. Emmy was ready to start her career. But one thing stood in her way. No plce in Germany would hire a woman with a math degree.
Emmy Noether - Wikipedia
Emmy Noether. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Emmy Noether (March23 1882 April 14 1935) was a very talented mathematician
http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmy_Noether

Extractions: Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Older versions Special pages Set my user preferences My watchlist Recently updated pages Upload image files Image list Registered users Site statistics Random article Orphaned articles Orphaned images Popular articles Most wanted articles Short articles Long articles Newly created articles Interlanguage links All pages by title Blocked IP addresses Maintenance page External book sources Printable version Talk Other languages: Deutsch Polski From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Emmy Noether March 23 April 14 ) was a very talented mathematician of the early 20th century , with penetrating insights that she used to develop elegant abstractions which she formalized beautifully. She made very significant contributions to mathematics and theoretical physics. In mathematics, she worked in the theory of invariants and non-commutative algebras . In physics, she arrived at a very crucial and beautiful result known as the Noether's theorem , which translated statements of invariance with respect to generalized transformations of physical systems, called symmetries by physicists, into
Emmy Noether - Wikipedia
Emmy Noether. Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii. Emmy Noether (18821935),niemiecka matematyczna, znana z prac nad teoria pierscieni.
http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmy_Noether

Extractions: Strona gÅ³wna Ostatnie zmiany Edytuj Historia strony Strony specjalne Zmiana moich preferencji Obserwowane Ostatnio zmienione PrzesyÅanie plik³w Lista obrazk³w i multimedi³w Zarejestrowani uÅ¼ytkownicy Statystyka Losowa strona Porzucone artykuÅy Porzucone pliki Najpopularniejsze Najbardziej potrzebne Najkr³tsze NajdÅuÅ¼sze Nowoutworzone Wszystkie Zablokowane adresy IP Prosta administracja KsiÄÅ¼ki Wersja do druku Dyskusja Wersja: angielska niemiecka Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii. Emmy Noether (urodzona 23 marca - zmarÅa 14 kwietnia ), niemiecka matematyczka, znana gÅ³wnie dziÄki osiÄgniÄciom w teorii pierÅcieni . W uznaniu jej dokonaÅ na tym polu pewnej klasie pierÅcieni nadano miano pierÅcieni noetherowskich
Noether_Emmy
The woman responsible for connecting symmetry with physical laws
http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Noether_Emmy.html

Extractions: Emmy Noether 's father Max Noether was a distinguished mathematician and a professor at Erlangen. Her mother was Ida Kaufmann, from a wealthy Cologne family. Both Emmy's parents were of Jewish origin and Emmy was the eldest of their four children, the three younger children being boys. Hilbert Klein and Minkowski In 1904 Noether was permitted to matriculate at Erlangen and in 1907 was granted a doctorate after working under Paul Gordan Hilbert 's basis theorem of 1888 had given an existence result for finiteness of invariants in n variables. Gordan , however, took a constructive approach and looked at constructive methods to arrive at the same results. Noether's doctoral thesis followed this constructive approach of Gordan and listed systems of 331 covariant forms. Having completed her doctorate the normal progression to an academic post would have been the habilitation . However this route was not open to women so Noether remained at Erlangen, helping her father who, particularly because of his own disabilities, was grateful for his daughter's help. Noether also worked on her own research, in particular she was influenced by
Www.scottlan.edu/lriddle/women/noether.htm
Similar pages Profiles of Women in Mathematics About emmy noetheremmy noether (1882 1935).
http://www.scottlan.edu/lriddle/women/noether.htm

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