21. Nearctica - Ecology - Biogeography - Biomes, Ecoregions, And Habitats - Estuarie From Nearticathe complete gateway to the natural world of North America.Category Science Biology Ecology Aquatic Ecology Estuarine...... US Fish and Wildlife Service. The Coastal Program focuses the US Fish and WildlifeService's efforts in bays, estuaries and watersheds around the US coastline. http://www.nearctica.com/ecology/habitats/estuary.htm

Ecology - Habitats - Salt Marsh and Estuary Return to Biomes and Habitats Main Page Buy Books about Estuaries An estuary is a partially enclosed body of water formed where freshwater from rivers and streams flows into the ocean, mixing with the salty sea water. Estuaries and the lands surrounding them are places of transition from land to sea, and from fresh to salt water. Although influenced by the tides, estuaries are protected from the full force of ocean waves, winds, and storms by the reefs, barrier islands, or fingers of land, mud, or sand that define an estuary's seaward boundary. Some familiar examples of major estuaries include San Francisco Bay, Puget Sound, Chesapeake Bay, Boston Harbor, and Tampa Bay. Salt Marshes are one typical habitat type occurring commonly in estuaries. Salt marshes are particularly important because they are among the most productive habitats on earth and are home to a wealth of plant and wildlife species. Salt marshes are technically wetlands, but are included here because they are a dominant component of many estuaries. ESTUARIES The Oregon Estuary Plan Book . Interrain Pacific. You want to know about estuaries? Well you can't do any better than this online book on the estuaries of Oregon. The site contains basic and advanced information on estuaries including their formation and classification. You'll also find information on land useage and shoreline planning. This book is for anyone interested in estuaries and land use. Highly recommended.

22. Smithsonian Institution Libraries: Subject Guide To Selected Internet Resources See estuaries, watersheds, Wetlands and the Chesapeake Bay. See Also Natural History. Environment.See estuaries, watersheds, Wetlands and the Chesapeake Bay. http://www.sil.si.edu/Subject-Guide/subject-guide.htm

Subject Guide to Selected Internet Resources Search All Internet Resource Pages Browse Internet Resources Pages by Subject Area Aeronautics. See Also Space Sciences Aeronautics: Smithsonian Institution Resources Aeronautics: General Aeronautics: Art Aeronautics: Education Aeronautics: Organizations: Associations, Societies Aeronautics: Organizations: Libraries, Archives Aeronautics: Organizations: Museums Aeronautics: Organizations: U.S. Government Aeronautics: Other Resources African Art African Art: Smithsonian Institution Resources African Art: African Artists African Art: African Artists: By Geographical Region African Art: Bibliography African Art: Electronic Discussion Groups African Art: Exhibitions African Art: General Resources on African Arts African Art: Journals African Art: Organizations African Art: Organizations: Booksellers African Art: Organizations: Galleries African Art: Organizations: Libraries African Art: Organizations: Museums African Art: Special Topics American History American History: Smithsonian Institution Resources American History: General American History: Political History Resources Anthropology.

23. Introduction Estuary-Net EstuaryNet Project supports meaningful partnerships that work to solve non-pointsource pollution problems in estuaries and watersheds through understanding http://www.mathematik.uni-kassel.de/didaktik/DataSharing/ESTUARY/Intro.html

Estuary Net B. Introduction The Estuary Net Homepage gives the following introduction to the project: PROJECT INTRODUCTION Estuary-Net was developed by the National Estuarine Research Reserve System in response to water quality issues arising in coastal areas. This project strives to develop collaborations among high schools, community volunteer water quality monitoring groups, local officials, state Coastal Zone Management (CZM) programs and National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERRS) to solve non-point source pollution problems in estuaries and their watersheds. ESTUARY-NET PROJECT GOAL The Estuary-Net Project supports meaningful partnerships that work to solve non-point source pollution problems in estuaries and watersheds through understanding: the variables and the upland influences that contribute to water quality; the value of long-term data collection and data analysis; the scientific process and its contribution to problem-solving; the importance of telecommunications as a valuable networking tool; and the importance of estuaries.

24. ENC: Curriculum Resources: EPA Office Of Wetlands, Oceans And Watersheds (ENC-02 Academy National water quality What's new Concerned citizens Frequently asked questionsWetlands Oceans, coasts, estuaries watersheds/tmdls Monitoring water http://www.enc.org/resources/records/full/0,1240,020198,00.shtm

Skip Navigation You Are Here ENC Home Curriculum Resources Advanced Search ... Ask ENC Explore online lesson plans, student activities, and teacher learning tools. Search Browse About Curriculum Resources Read articles about inquiry, equity, and other key topics for educators and parents. Create your learning plan, read the standards, and find tips for getting grants. EPA Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds URL: http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/ ENC#: ENC-020198 Publisher: Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds (OWOW). Date: Grades: Abstract: User Comments: None currently available. Add a User Comment for this resource. Record Created: Last Modified: Contents: Features Watershed Academy National water quality Concerned citizens Frequently asked questions Wetlands Oceans, coasts, estuaries Watersheds/tmdls Monitoring water quality Polluted runoff Watershed Information Network EPA and bird conservation American heritage rivers Restoration Academy 2000 distance learning About OWOW Sitemap Top sites Publications Equipment: Graphics intensive (alternate text version available). Resource materials; Internet resource.

25. Internet Resources groups, and local officials with the National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR)to solve nonpoint source pollution problems in estuaries and watersheds. http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/ofarrell/backyard/Internet_Resources.html

Internet Resources Back to Resources Back to Backyard Activities Teacher Page All About Estuaries An Introduction to Estuaries Estuary Net Project Estuarine Ecology Websites sponsored by the National Estuarine Research Reserve System. Good introduction to water quality issues in coastal areas. The Estuary Net Project connects high schools, community volunteer water quality monitoring groups, and local officials with the National Estuarine Research Reserves (NERR) to solve non-point source pollution problems in estuaries and watersheds. Excellent resource for water testing and composition studies. Tijuana River Estuary Reserve Complete information about the Tijuana intertidal coastal estuary located on the Mexican and U.S. border in San Diego County. Chula Vista Nature Center Visit the Sweetwater Marsh National Wildlife Refuge. From NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminstration Coastal Zone Management Program National Marine Sanctuary Program These National Oceanic and Atmostpheric Administration (NOAA) websites offer details about federal and local coastal concerns, particularly urban run-off. Visit the National Ocean and Coastal Resources (NOCR) and the website of the National Marine Sanctuary Program. Lots of information regarding conservation, recreational, ecological, historical, research, educational, and aesthetic qualities of marine sanctuaries.

26. Resources Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans and watersheds, featuresresearch sites on wetlands, oceans, coasts, estuaries and watersheds. http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/miramesa/drains/resources.htm

RESOURCE LINKS Here are some resource links to help you through the Process: The City of Albuquerque discusses storm water pollution prevention and the common contributors to storm drain pollution. These water conservation tips are provided by the Water Information Program of southwestern Colorado. Keeping our lakes clean : Lake Access provides real time environmental information about lakes and is funded by the EPA's EMPACT program. Clean Ocean Action is dedicated to improving the degraded water quality of the marine waters off the New Jersey/New York Coast. This site will identify sources of pollution and discuss solutions to pollution through research, public education and community involvement with storm drain stenciling. Focussing on public education, Earthwater Stencils fosters public awareness of involvement in and support for stormwater pollulltion prevention. The San Diego Natural History Museum's Environmental Service Education Center sponsors the Watershed Project , which is a statewide project to enhance and protect the watersheds of California while improving science education.

27. Wells Reserve: estuarine ecology. Thursday, April 3rd , 9 to noon. estuaries and watersheds.Watershed model demonstration 91030 (outside). Background http://www.wellsreserve.org/docent-ee.htm

HOME RESEARCH EDUCATION STEWARDSHIP ... NEWS Exploring Estuaries Training - Spring 2003 Please email Sue to sign up for the sessions you will be attending Tuesday, April 1, 9 to noon Intro to Docenting and the Exploring Estuaries Program Introductions with tea and crumpets, 9 to 9:45 Everyone please try to attend. Wells Reserve Slide Show NEW! 9:45-11:00 This is a terrific overview of estuarine ecology. Thursday, April 3rd , 9 to noon Estuaries and Watersheds Watershed model demonstration 9-10:30 (outside) Background 10:45-noon Importance of estuaries food webs and food chains, bioaccumulation, food web game, watersheds and the water cycle, point and non-point pollution. Tuesday, April 8, 9 to noon Field trip to the Seacoast Science Center. We will take a "behind the scenes" tour of the Center. You can bring a brown bag lunch and stay for lunch. RSVP with Sue to set up carpooling. Thursday, April 10, 9 to noon Overlook and Floating Lab Demonstration 9-10:30 (outside) floating lab and marsh overlook stations plankton collection and identification!!! Background 10:45- noon salt marsh creatures: crustaceans, fish, plankton, birds salt marsh formation and features (biotic and abiotic)

28. Heritage Harbor Museum, Providence, RI - News / Press Featuring Narragansett Bay's estuaries and watersheds, Pulses of the Bay providesa regional complement to the Smithsonian Institution's Forces of Change http://www.heritageharbor.org/News/BayExhibit.html

URI's Office of Marine Programs and Coastal Institute Announce Pulses of the Bay - A Narragansett Bay Exhibit Planned For Heritage Harbor Museum - Announcement Comes As The Vote On Question Five Is Less Than A Week Away November 1, 2000 Narragansett, Rhode Island - November 1, 2000 - Heritage Harbor Museum and the University of Rhode Island's (URI) Office of Marine Programs and Coastal Institute today announced collaboration on Pulses of the Bay, a new 4,500 square-foot exhibit planned for Heritage Harbor Museum in Providence with a condensed 1,500 square-foot version to be on display at URI's Coastal Institute in Narragansett. Featuring Narragansett Bay's estuaries and watersheds, Pulses of the Bay provides a regional complement to the Smithsonian Institution's Forces of Change exhibit which will highlight global stories of cultural, geological, and biological change over time. The Smithsonian plans to install copies of their Forces of Change exhibit at both Heritage Harbor and the National Museum of Natural History in Washington. "Pulses of the Bay will provide a wealth of information on Narragansett Bay, showcasing science and technology related to estuaries and watersheds within an historical and cultural context," said Albert T. Klyberg, executive director, Heritage Harbor Museum. "This partnership with URI's Coastal Institute and Office of Marine Programs, and our connection to the Smithsonian's Forces of Change exhibit promises a world-class exhibit of one of Rhode Island's most valued resources. It is undoubtedly a key component to Heritage Harbor and one that will serve to further entice visitors."

29. Final Report: Tracing The Fate Of Nitrogen Inputs From Watersheds To Estuaries Final Report Tracing the Fate of Nitrogen Inputs from Watershedsto estuaries. EPA Grant Number R824767 Title Tracing the Fate http://es.epa.gov/ncer/final/grants/95/water/deegan.html

Final Report: Tracing the Fate of Nitrogen Inputs from Watersheds to Estuaries EPA Grant Number: Title: Tracing the Fate of Nitrogen Inputs from Watersheds to Estuaries Investigators: Linda A. Deegan and Bruce J. Peterson Institution: Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA EPA Project Officer: Deran Pashayan Project Period: January 1996 - December 1998 Research Category: Water and Watersheds Executive Summary Summary of Findings: Conclusions: The addition of the 15N-NO3- tracer to the upper Parker River estuary proved a powerful tool that in conjunction with other isotopic, behavioral, life-historical, and distributional observations, helped elucidate whole-ecosystem food web structure and trophic dynamics in this critical, understudied estuarine region. Several other studies have used 15N additions to trace nitrogen flow in freshwater ecosystems; however, our study is the first to use this approach in an estuary. This study has built upon previous work describing the isotopic uniqueness of biota in the upper Parker River estuary. Much of this distinctiveness can now be ascribed to the influence of Actinocyclus normanii in both the planktonic and benthic food webs. In the present study, we identify A. normanii as a major component of the assimilated diet of several dominant primary consumers, including planktonic copepods, benthic amphipods, grass shrimp, and mud crabs. The upper reaches of many coastal plain estuaries support high productivity of autochthonous planktonic diatoms, including those of the German North Sea and the western tributaries of Chesapeake Bay. The similarity of biota in the upper reaches of the Parker River and German North Sea estuaries is remarkable, including dominance of Actinocyclus normanii and Eurytemora affnis in the plankton, and identical (Gammarus tigrinus) or ecologically-similar (Palaemon /ongirostris replacing Palaemonetes spp.) crustacean primary consumers in the benthos. It is likely that the tidal freshwater and oligohaline reaches of other estuaries that support phytoplankton blooms also contain consumer species that exploit the seasonally high planktonic production.

30. 2000 Progress Report - INTERACTION BETWEEN GRAZING AND NUTRIENTS AS CONTROLS OF Annual dynamics of eelgrass (Zostera marina) production along a gradient of nitrogenloads from watersheds to estuaries assessment of tools for management of http://es.epa.gov/ncer/fellow/progress/98/hauxwellje00.html

2000 Progress Report - INTERACTION BETWEEN GRAZING AND NUTRIENTS AS CONTROLS OF MACROPHYTE BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN SHALLOW TEMPERATE ESTUARIES EPA Grant Number: Title: INTERACTION BETWEEN GRAZING AND NUTRIENTS AS CONTROLS OF MACROPHYTE BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN SHALLOW TEMPERATE ESTUARIES Investigator: Jennifer A Hauxwell Institution: Boston University Marine Program EPA Project Officer: Virginia Broadway Project Period: September 01, 1998 - January 01, 2001 Project Amount: Research Category: Ecology and Ecosystems Description Objectives/Hypotheses: To understand how anthropogenic nitrogen inputs, grazing by benthic invertebrates, and competitive interactions between macroalgae and seagrasses influence macrophyte biomass and community structure (seagrass- or macroalgal-dominated) in shallow temperate estuaries. Rationale: Approach: Status: Field and laboratory work are completed, and I am in the process of writing. Expected Results: Results will allow a synthesis of control processes that govern how macrophytes and grazers interact in shallow water coastal ecosystems, how controls vary seasonally, and how the grazer/macrophyte system is coupled to external anthropogenic inputs of nutrients from adjoining terrestrial ecosystems. Please see references below for additional detailed information. Papers and Publications: Hauxwell, J., J. Cebrian, C. Furlong, and I. Valiela. In Press. Macroalgal canopies contribute to eelgrass (Zostera marina) decline in temperate estuarine ecosystems. Ecology. Hauxwell, J., J. McClelland, P.J. Behr, and I. Valiela. 1998. Relative importance of grazing and nutrient controls of macroalgal biomass in three temperate shallow estuaries. Estuaries 21: 344-357. Hauxwell, J., J. Cebrian, and I. Valiela. In preparation. Annual dynamics of eelgrass (Zostera marina) production along a gradient of nitrogen loads from watersheds to estuaries: assessment of tools for management of these coastal habitats.

31. EPA: ORD: NCER: Advanced Search Other Searches. Journal Article, A timedependent model of nitrogen loadingto estuaries from coastal watersheds. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/display.journals/abstra

National Center For Environmental Research Contact Us Print Version EPA Home National Center For Environmental Research ... Personalize Publication Details for: Social and Ecological Transferability of Integrated Ecological Assessment Models Grant Number Reference Type Reference Title Journal Citation Author Other Searches Journal Article A time-dependent model of nitrogen loading to estuaries from coastal watersheds. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Brawley JW, Collins G, Kremer JN, Sham C, Valiela I. A time-dependent model of nitrogen loading to estuaries from coastal watersheds. Journal of Environmental Quality. Brawley JW, Collins G, Kremer JN, Sham C, Valiela I not available Journal Article A time-dependent model of nitrogen loading to estuaries from coastal watersheds. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Brawley JW, Collins GN, Kremer JN, Sham CH , Valiela I. A time-dependent model of nitrogen loading to estuaries from coastal watersheds. Journal of Environmental Quality 2000;29(5):1448-1461. Brawley JW, Collins GN, Kremer JN, Sham CH , Valiela I

32. EPA: ORD: NCER: Advanced Search Journal Article, Brawley JW, Collins G, Kremer JN, Sham C, Valiela I. A timedependentmodel of nitrogen loading to estuaries from coastal watersheds. http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/display.abstractDetail/

National Center For Environmental Research Contact Us Print Version EPA Home National Center For Environmental Research ... Personalize 1999 Progress Report: Social and Ecological Transferability of Integrated Ecological Assessment Models http://es.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts/grants/97/water/deegan.html EPA Grant Number: Title: Social and Ecological Transferability of Integrated Ecological Assessment Models Investigators: Deegan, Linda A. Kremer, James Webler, Thomas Institution: Marine Biological Laboratory Social and Environmental Research Institute University of Connecticut EPA Project Officer: Perovich, Gina Project Period: June 1, 1998 through May 31, 2001 Project Amount: Research Category: Water and Watersheds Description: Objective: The objectives of this research project are to: (1) create an empirically based numerical simulation model of broad generality that links land use patterns and nitrogen loading to ecologically important and socially relevant endpoints of water quality and fish diversity and abundance; (2) measure estuarine fish habitat and community structure throughout a range of estuaries in southeastern New England, and develop empirical relationships of fish abundance, diversity, and habitat quality; and (3) investigate perceptions of ecological models and modeling science by town planners, with the objective of determining the best and most efficient way to encourage scientifically aware decisions at the local level of land use debate.

33. Natural Environment In addition, ongoing assessments of our environment will establish a blueprintfor restoration of our estuaries and watersheds, promoting resilient, stable http://tcf.tillamook.k12.or.us/natural.htm

Home Strategic Vision Natural Environment Visions, Goals, and Benchmarks Tillamook County will be one of the most healthy and scenic areas of the Oregon Coast. With vast accessible beaches, four major bays, and numerous rivers flowing from the forested coastal mountains, there will be opportunities for a variety of recreational activities. The foothills and mountains will be draped with healthy, productive forests, providing high quality habitat for a full array of thriving native plant and animal populations. Air and water qualities will be excellent. Residents and visitors will enjoy the fruits of well-established cooperation and partnerships between heritage-rich, natural resource based industries such as dairy farming, forestry and fishing. The interdependent relationship of these industries on a healthy, functional and sustainable environment will be well understood and accepted in our communities. In addition, ongoing assessments of our environment will establish a blueprint for restoration of our estuaries and watersheds, promoting resilient, stable habitat for a variety of aquatic life. Active participation in natural resource management will become institutionalized in our educational systems. Through many collaborative educational efforts, active watershed councils, and good stewardship practices on public and private land, a sustainable balance between responsible use and protection of our natural resources will be achieved. County residents will assess their personal well-being as integral with the condition of the land on which they live.

34. Ecology Environmental Information Page Aquatic plant monitoring; Stream biological monitoring. Report list environmentalassessment reports pertaining to watersheds; estuaries go to top of the page. http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/eap/env-info.html

Environmental Information PBTs Watersheds Estuaries Groundwater ... GIS The Department of Ecology works to provide reliable environmental information. Here are links to reports and data that try to answer the question: How are we doing? For an introduction and overview see Washington's Environmental Health 2000 What's New: December River and stream water quality monitoring: Results that exceed water quality criteria or the usual range of data (only covers Ecology's monthly monitoring program November Beach Environmental Assessment, Communication and Health (BEACH) Program Groundwater assessment in Washington state Environmental Information Management (EIM) Web Query System, Version 2.6 October Ecology-PSAMP Partnership for Marine Sediment Monitoring River and Stream Water Quality Monitoring - water quality monitoring methods July Mercury Chemical Action Plan - what's new page Draft expanded list of PBTs June Monitoring of toxic contaminants in Washington state May Environmental Information Management (EIM) Web Query System PBTs: Summary of the April 29 Mercury Advisory Committee meeting April New design and content for the River and Stream Flow Monitoring pages New design and content for the River and Stream Water Quality Monitoring pages PBTs (Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic Chemicals)

35. Coastal Program--U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service Describes the coastal ecosystem program and its efforts to conserve fish, wildlife and their habitats Category Regional North America Fish and Wildlife Service...... The Coastal Program focuses the US Fish and Wildlife Service's effortsin bays, estuaries and watersheds around the US coastline. http://www.fws.gov/cep/cepcode.html

Coastal Program Division of Fish and Wildlife Management and Habitat Restoration What's New: Check out " The Coastal Program FY 2002 Highlights " for examples of recent projects. Also take a look at our overview fact sheet [both in PDF]. Restore America's Estuaries is holding their Inaugural National Conference April 13-16, in Baltimore. To find out more visit their web site The Coastal Program focuses the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's efforts in bays, estuaries and watersheds around the U.S. coastline. The purpose of the Coastal Program is to conserve fish and wildlife and their habitats to support healthy coastal ecosystems. The Service provides funding through the program to 16 high-priority coastal ecosystems. The program is guided by 4 goals: Serve coastal communities by providing assessment and planning tools to identify priority habitats that should be protected and restored. Conserve pristine coastal habitats through voluntary conservation easements and locally-initiated land acquisition. Restore degraded coastal wetland, upland, and stream habitats

36. Estuaries Net EstuaryNet was created by the National Estuarine Research Reserve System tosolve non-point source pollution problems in estuaries and their watersheds. http://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/mc/services/dep/Internet/estuaries.htm

Estuaries *See also Watersheds or Wetlands National Estuary Program Established by Congress in 1987, the National Estuary Program helps local communities manage their estuaries. Federal, state, and local government representatives work with local community representatives to protect and to identify and solve problems with their estuary. There are currently twenty-eight estuary programs across the country. The NEP website, which is in English and Spanish, contains background information on estuaries, the NEP, including the original legislation that created the program, management issues, which estuaries are in the NEP, National Estuaries Day, contact information for each of the twenty-eight programs, bibliographies of documents published or commissioned by the NEP, and NEP's newsletter, "Coastlines". National Estuarine Research Reserve System The National Estuarine Research Reserve System was created by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 as part of the federal coastal zone management (CZM) program. The CZM program ensures the sustainable management of the nation's coasts. The National Estuarine Research Reserve System is a partnership between coastal states and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) that conducts research and education programs in order to promote better understanding of estuaries and how they are impacted by human activities. NOAA administers the Reserve System. Besides information on its programs, their website includes a system map, case studies, educational materials, and publications.

37. COMS News Release 02/21/2002 within an ecosystem. The geographic scale extends from specific sitesto entire estuaries and watersheds. The project completes http://www.coms.usm.edu/news/2002/n022102a.htm

College of Marine Sciences The University of Southern Mississippi Public Information Office 703 East Beach Drive P.O. Box 7000 Ocean Springs, MS 39566-7000 Tel. 228-872-4273 / 875-2244 FAX 228-872-4204 E-mail linda.skupien@usm.ed February 21, 2002 photos Local Southern Miss researchers lead $6 million project to aid coastal waters OCEAN SPRINGS University of Southern Mississippi scientists here are leading the way on a $6 million project to use estuarine plants and animals to signal changes in Gulf of Mexico coastal waters. The goal of the four-year project is to use microbes, fish, crabs, shrimp and other species bioindicators to measure how well estuaries are functioning and the impact of changes in coastal regions. Nine universities in the Gulf region have formed a consortium with the USM College of Marine Sciences to conduct the research funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In year one, the team of 14 scientists will do their scientific sleuthing in their local estuaries. In years two through four, they will apply what they have learned to Apalachicola Bay, Mobile Bay and Galveston Bay, estuaries selected for their natural features and different levels of impact from human activity.

38. Measuring Progress We recommend further that, once the index has been developed, the monitoring networkbe expanded to include other estuaries in watersheds exposed to heavy http://www2.gov.pe.ca/roundtable/water/Rmeasure.asp

39. Maine's Priority Coastal Watersheds (1999) In October of 1998 the MLWRC issued a list of 181 lakes, 55 riversor streams and 17 estuaries selected as priority watersheds. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/products/maine/html/metadata/fgdcmeta/pricoast.htm

Maine's Priority Coastal Watersheds (1999) Metadata: Citation: Originator: Maine Department of Environmental Protection Title: Maine's Priority Coastal Watersheds (1999) map Augusta, Maine Publisher: Maine Department of Environmental Protection The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Coastal Services Center, in cooperation with project partners, has manipulated this data set for use in a specific project, "Using Remote Sensing to Address Coastal Management Issues: The Maine Project." This metadata describes the data as it exists in the project. Originator: NOAA Coastal Services Center Title: Using Remote Sensing to Address Coastal Management Issues: The Maine Project Charleston, South Carolina Publisher: NOAA Coastal Services Center Description: Abstract: Purpose: To provide a digital record of the NPS priority watersheds for mapping and analysis. Range_of_Dates/Times: Publication Date Status: Progress: Complete Unknown Keywords: Theme: none drainage divides watersheds esturaries coast coastal drainage divides hydrology hydrologic unit code Place: none Maine none none Maine Office of Geographic Information Systems Data Center Mailing address Address: State House Station # 145 City: Augusta ME Country: USA Monday through Friday 0800-1700 EST ArcView version 3.1 shapefile format

40. About Estuaries The NEPs are critical because fortytwo percent of the continental UnitedStates shoreline is within the watersheds of ANEP's 28 estuaries. http://www.anep-usa.org/estuaries/estuaries.htm

Estuaries are places where fresh and salt water mix. Whether they are called bays, estuaries, harbors, sounds or lagoons, these fertile junctions of sea and stream are among the most productive areas on earth. As many as 80 percent of the fish that we catch for food or fun depend on estuaries for all or part of their lives. This is why estuaries are often called the "cradles of the sea." Click here to view a map of the 28 National Estuary Programs Many of the nation’s most celebrated water bodies are estuaries: Chesapeake Bay, San Francisco Bay, Puget Sound and Long Island Sound, for example. Although each estuary is unique, they all share common characteristics such as constant mixing of salt and fresh water by tides and winds, as well as common problems such as excessive nutrient pollution and loss of natural habitats. Coastal Projects- Learning from Each Other Integrated compendium of NEP characterization and management initiative. There is more to an estuary than you might think just by looking at a shaded area on a map. In fact, estuaries encompass broad ecosystems that usually extend many miles beyond the open waters of a bay or lagoon to encompass surrounding wetlands, rivers and streams. Anything that happens on land within this sprawling watershed has a direct impact on the estuary itself.

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