21. Ohio Agronomy Guide, Water Management Matching plant populations to soil conditions helps convert the water availableinto the may be appropriate on soils rarely subject to drought, such as http://ohioline.osu.edu/b472/water.html

22. Home Vegetable Garden Management During A Drought In Colorado Home Vegetable Garden management During a drought in Colorado. vegetable garden andstill reduce water consumption. Amend the garden soil with organic matter. http://www.ext.colostate.edu/drought/vegetable.html

You are here: Home Drought and Fire Resources Home Vegetable Garden Management During a Drought in Colorado By: David Whiting, Carol O'Meara, and Michael Bauer Colorado State University Cooperative Extension In vegetable production, an adequate supply of water during the growing season is directly related to produce quality and yields. Unlike bluegrass and other landscape plants, vegetables can't go dormant when the water supply is inadequate. However, there are several techniques that will significantly reduce the water requirements of the home vegetable garden. No current watering restrictions: The following practices will allow you to have a productive vegetable garden and still reduce water consumption. Amend the garden soil with organic matter In the vegetable garden, the routine addition of soil amendments such as compost will optimize potential yields and produce quality vegetables. As a human health (e-coli) issue, the application of manure or compost made from manure should be made at least 4 months prior to harvest of any edible crops. Manure and compost made from manure may be high in salts that will interfere with crop growth. Do not add more than 1" of manure or compost made with manure without a soil test to evaluate potential salt build-up.

23. Woody Plant Management Before, During, And Following Drought Do not attempt to make up for the drought by watering Keeping the soil too wet willcause root rot and other water monthly in dry winters to keep roots healthy http://www.ext.colostate.edu/drought/woody.html

You are here: Home Drought and Fire Resources Woody Plant Management Before, During, and Following Drought Prepared by: Dr. James E. Klett, Extension Landscape Horticulture Specialist; Michael Bauer, Horticulture Extension Agent, Eagle County; Patrick McCarty, Extension Agent, Garfield County; Susan Rose, Horticulture Technician, Dr. Curtis E. Swift, Horticulture Tri River Area; and Greg Vlaming, Horticulture, La Plata County No current watering restrictions The following practices will help keep your trees and shrubs healthy while conserving water. Check your irrigation system Check your system's coverage by placing out shallow containers like cat food or tuna fish cans at several locations, and measuring the depth of the water. Replace damaged heads Adjust heads to avoid watering streets or driveways Adjust heads to water the feeder root system more directly, without hitting the main trunk(s) of the tree or shrub Water between 9:00 p.m. and 9:00 a.m. Use sprinklers that apply large droplets of water at a low angle. Fine spray mists and sprinklers that throw water high into the air often waste water from evaporation. If you do not have an automatic sprinkler system, use a bubbler at the end of a hose to apply water at a low rate at several locations beyond the drip line. Remember the roots on established trees extend 3 to 5 times the height of the tree.

24. IAH Chapter 1 - Agricultural Climatology water management soil Temperatures SWS. Agricultural Weather National AgriculturalForecast USDA NOAA; drought Monitor drought Monitor USDA, NOAA UNL; Palmer http://web.aces.uiuc.edu/aim/IAH/ch1/

Search Home AgPortal AgSearch County ... AgMath Chapter 1 - Agriweather Climatology Text HTML Thin HTML (no images) PDF Decision Tools lllinois Agriweather Toolbench (IAH) The agriweather toolbench allows the user to create customized climate data and predictions for your area of Illinois. Toolbench Climate and Weather IL Monthly Average Temperature and Precipitation SWS IL Historical Climate Summaries MCC IL State Forecast NOAA NEXRAD Radar - Lincoln, IL NOAA Soil Temperatures SWS Agricultural Weather National Agricultural Forecast IL Weekly Crop Weather Report USDA Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin USDA National Weather Service Homepages Drought Monitor Drought Monitor Palmer Drought Index USDA Seasonal Drought Outlook NOAA Global Climate El Nino/La Nina Outlook NOAA Weekly Crop Bulletin (IPM) Department of Crop Sciences AIM Lab, Information Technology and Communication Services College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences ... University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

25. Montana State University Extension Service to moderate drought stress for short intervals throughout publication, Grain yieldsrelated to stored soil water and. Irrigation water management When and http://nris.state.mt.us/drought2001/info/IrrigatngLess.html

Montana State University Extension Service Irrigating with limited water supplies By Jim Bauder MSU Extension Soil Scientist 5/9/2001 Contact: Jim Bauder (406)994-5685 BOZEMAN Irrigation managers can do something other than purchase additional equipment or reduce irrigated acreage to accommodate limited water supplies, which appears to be an inevitability this year. Well-timed irrigations may help managers irrigate more acres without lowering crop yields. By making the best use of water, irrigation managers can free-up both water and equipment for use on other crops or other land. Seed-producing crops respond more to irrigations during one particular stage of development than during other stages. Some of those crops include corn, barley, sunflowers, wheat and beans. Yields of storage and forage cropssugarbeets, potatoes, alfalfa and grassesare more directly related to climatic demand and cumulative water use during the season than to stress during any particular growth stage. Sugarbeets are quite drought tolerant. They can withstand extended periods without rainfall or irrigation water by using water stored in the soil. Limited water can even increase the efficiency of sucrose production.

26. Drought Fact Sheets lands L90 (PDF, 74 kB) drought management practices such as managing grazing pressure,water management and fodder catchment, bywash and soil conditions to http://www.nrm.qld.gov.au/factsheets/groups.phtml?group=Drought

27. Water Portal Links This committee has been created after the disastrous drought beginning in to Website(Added 200107-19 Hits 109 ). soil and water management and Crop http://www.unesco.org/water/water_links/Water_Issues/Water_and_society/Water_and

28. Water Management On Turfgrasses much more susceptible to drought injury than mowing, overwatering, excessive fertilization,soil compaction, and A deeprooted turf uses water more efficiently http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/plantanswers/turf/publications/water.html

Water Management on Turfgrasses Richard L. Duble, Turfgrass Specialist Texas Agricultural Extension Service Having witnessed the effects of water shortages in many sections of the country during the past decade, we can appreciate the value and need for conservation of water. And since scientists forecast more extensive droughts throughout the next decade, we must become more conscious of water use. Only through careful management of our water resources now can we expect to have adequate water supplies for turfgrass irrigation in the 21st Century. In some sections of the country, water use for turf irrigation may seem insignificant, but in other areas it accounts for 50 percent or more of the consumption of city water supplies during the summer months. If water conservation does not get your attention, perhaps improved turf quality will. Both of these effects are products of a properly designed and managed irrigation system. Simply installing an irrigation system to provide coverage to a sports field, golf course, or does not constitute design. Climatic conditions, rootzone properties, grass species, turf use, and water source must all be considered. In addition, pipe size, nozzle diameter, operating pressure and spacings, which together determine the rate and uniformity of application of water, must also be considered. Efficient use of water will, in time, become the most important design consideration for an irrigation system. Climatic Considerations Evaporation Losses.

29. Drought Management For Horticultural Crops often get by with this deficit water budget However, in times of drought, these shortfallscannot be Critically evaluate all soil types of your farming operation http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/plantanswers/drought/cropmgmt.html

Drought Management for Horticultural Crops Larry A. Stein, Associate Professor and Extension Horticulturist May 24, 1996 Horticultural crops demand and require significant amounts of water due to their perishable nature. Tree fruit and nut crops are not only comprised of large amounts of water, but the trees are perennial plants. Stress not only affects the current season's crop, but future crops as well. Vegetables are also quite perishable but they represent annual crops and thus only one year of production is affected. Since water is such a critical component of the growth and development of horticultural crops, it is recommended that none of these crops be established without full irrigation capabilities. Normally 8-10 gallons of water per minute per acre well capacity for each acre planted are required for horticultural crops. Even with this level of water use requirements, there are several management decisions which can be undertaken to reduce the risk of over-extending an irrigation system. Although drought management decisions are generally the same for vegetable and orchard crops, orchardists are looking at such steps to ease their water shortage immediately since they already have established, perennial trees. Vegetable producers have the ability to evaluate all aspects of their water situation prior to planting and thus have the opportunity to reduce the size of planting, not plant at all, etc. to make this water reach. Aspects to be considered on orchard crops include: current irrigation method inefficiencies, irrigation scheduling techniques, less than optimum irrigations, block productivity, and more efficient irrigation systems.

30. DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PLAN - INTRODUCTION are levels of drought and levels of drought impact Longterm indicators of availablewater include climate and weather conditions, soil moisture, water http://phoenix.gov/WATER/drtintro.html

31. Publications - Master Gardener - Amador County drought Tolerant Landscape Trees; drought Tolerant Perennials and Bulbs. FIRE PREVENTION soils;Raised Beds soil Mixes for Gardens; soil water management; http://ceamador.ucdavis.edu/Master_Gardener/Publications.htm

Main Menu Programs Calendar Publications ... UC Delivers Publications Main Page Master Gardener News How to Become a Master Gardener MG Login ... Information Request Form Home Gardening Publications COMPOSTING Composting Rapid Composting Method DEER Deer Resistant Plants for the Garden DROUGHT TOLERANT PLANTS Drought Tolerant Landscape Ground Cover Drought Tolerant Landscape Shrubs Drought Tolerant Landscape Trees Drought Tolerant Perennials and Bulbs FIRE PREVENTION Guide to Reducing the Wildfire Threat FRUIT AND NUT TREES Fruit Thining Managing Pests and diseases charts Managing Pests and Diseases in the Home Spraying of Home Fruit Trees for Disease INDOOR PLANTS PLANT DISEASES Fire Blight of Ornamentals and Fruits Powdery Mildew Soil Solarization ROSES IPM of the Common Insects on Roses Pruning Roses SOIL Managing Amador County Soils Soil Management Checklist Wood Ashes as a Garden Fertilizer TREES Planting Landscape Trees Tree Care VEGETABLES Planting Dates for Vegetables WATER Tips for a Water Wise Garden Watering and Water Systems WEEDS Wild Blackberry Control For additional publications on Home Gardening and Pests of Landscapes and Homes click on the Yellow Publications link on the far left.

32. Drought, Plants, Watersheds And Rangeland Health if drought and/or poor grazing management results in less plant cover, soil erosionmay be greatly accelerated. Moderate erosion is likely to reduce water http://www.wyorange.net/drplwara.html

Drought, Plants, Watersheds and Rangeland Health Gene Gade, University Extension Educator, Crook County Drought has negative impacts on nearly all aspects of range livestock production and it is a major stressor on the rangelands themselves. Droughts vary in frequency, severity and duration, but they are an expected occurrence in the western United States. Native plants of the region have to be adapted to cope with drought. However, the soil-water-plant complex is the basis of the entire livestock enterprise. Use of these basic resources by domestic livestock must be carefully managed during drought stress periods to avoid damaging them. plant production by 50% of more from the average annual yield. Drought-caused reduction of available feed is an immediate, but, hopefully, short-term problem for ranchers and wildlife managers. If forage plants are allowed to retain enough photosynthetic capacity (i.e. leaf tissue) to provide for their own needs during drought, most plants will survive and return to normal production when precipitation is again adequate. Range grasses must have healthy

33. Water Management Apply enough water to moisten the soil to a depth of at least six inches. Thiswill develop a deep root system which can better survive drought. http://www.woerner.com/pages/grass/water.htm

WATER MANAGEMENT A practical watering program embodies three basic concepts. Each concept may be set forth as a question? 1. How should water be applied? 2. How much water should be applied? 3. How often? While basic concepts of a good irrigation program may appear simple, in actual practice such a program is complex. The amount of water to apply at any one time will depend upon the water-holding capacity of the soil, the infiltration rate, the amount of soil moisture present when irrigation is started, and the drainage from the area watered. Sandy soils must be watered more frequently than loam or clay soils. A sufficient amount of moisture should be applied to wet the entire root zone. Once the soil is wet throughout the root zone, any additional water applied will merely fill the large soil pores and be "excess". The soil organic matter is a major factor in turfgrass growth and development because it contributes to improved soil structure, aeration, water retention, water movement, and nutrient availability. The addition of organic matter may substantially improve the water-holding capacity of the soil. Frequency of irrigation depends on type of grass, the soil's physical properties, and climatic conditions - especially rainfall, humidity, temperature and wind movement.

34. Greenco Best Management Practices most waterefficient techniques during drought conditions and teach water conservationand water pollution prevention as identified by appropriate soil or plant http://greenco.org/bmp.htm

Quick Links: Easy Being Green You'll need Adobe Acrobat Reader to view and print these files. For GreenCO Best Management Practices Green Industry Best Management Practices (BMPs) for the Conservation and Protection of Water Resources in Colorado. 30 Best Management Practices 1. Drought Practices for Landscape Management Manage landscapes using the most water-efficient techniques during drought conditions. 2. Drought Practices for Nurseries, Greenhouses and Growers Manage landscapes using the most water-efficient techniques during drought conditions. 3. Education of Employees Educate employees on turf, plant and water management practices that conserve water and protect water quality. 4. Education of the Public Model and teach water conservation and water pollution prevention to all consumers of green industry products. 5. Fertilizer Application

35. Changemakers Journal March '00: Water - A Commitment To Soil And Water: A Lesson the cycles of drought and erosion that so many farmers face. Phiri speaks with afellow farmer about strategies and techniques for soil and water management. http://www.changemakers.net/journal/00march/zaidman.cfm

A Commitment to Soil and Water: A Lesson from Zimbabwe By Yasmina Zaidman Home Current Journal Journal Archives ... Subscribe to CM Magazine Back to March 2000 Journal Read a book about Zephaniah Phiri Maseko: of Zephaniah Phiri by Mary Witoshynski of Weaver Press Harare is now available from the African Books Collective, The Jam Factory, Park End Street, Oxford, OX1 1HU, tel 01865 726686, email orders@africanbooks collective.com And the Lord God took man, and put him into the Garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it. Genesis 2:15 Cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow thou shalt eat of it all the days of thy life. Genesis 3:17 T he Garden of Eden, a place where nature's abundance was boundless, where man and woman could thrive with everything they needed, free from toil, hunger, and fear, was lost when the pair disobeyed God, leaving them to fend for themselves outside the garden. From hence on, the ground was cursed, and they would have to live from the sweat of their brow. So the story goes. Yet in rural Zimbabwe, in a region prone to drought, such an Edenic garden seems to exist. At the farm of Zepheniah Phiri Maseko, crops grow quickly and bountifully, even in drought years, and the abundance on a modest three-hectare homestead is enough to support a family of 15 and raise cash for other expenses.

36. Glossary: Arkansas Grand Prairie Irrigation Project Memphis Corps Of Engineers Levee soil or other materials deposited to contain the flow of water. NDMC - TheNational drought Mitigation Center. NWMC - National water management Center. http://www.mvm.usace.army.mil/grandprairie/glossary/default.asp

Glossary Acre feet - the amount of water required to cover one acre of ground (43,560 square feet) to a depth of one foot (or 7.48 gallons per cubic foot X 43,560 square feet = 325,829 gallons cover 1 acre to a depth of one foot) AHTD - Arkansas Highway and Transportation Department Alluvium - Clay, silt, sand, gravel, or similar soil material deposited in a common location by running water Alluvial - having to do with alluvium; having the components of alluvium Alluvial Aquifer - an area of water-bearing sand and gravel typically found near lakes, streams and rivers ANHC - Arkansas National Heritage Commission Aquifer - A layer of underground sand, gravel, or permeable rock in which water collects. Aquifers may lie close to the surface or at great depths. Aquifers can be hundreds of miles long and wide or narrow, shallow veins running through rock. With such flat ground in the Grand Prairie, rainwater matriculates down through the porous sedimentary rocks where it is stored. When the water source becomes of significant size, it is termed an aquifer, especially when drilling into the rock allows the tapping of the aquifer for use in crop irrigation and animals as well as human use ASWCC - Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission Basin - The soil surface area, which drains into a network of rivers and/or streams

37. Risk Management For Maize Farmers In Drought-prone Areas In Southern Africa soil Fertility Experimentation and Recommendations fro droughtProne Regions of. Experiencesof the Indigenous soil and water Conservation Project in http://www.cimmyt.cgiar.org/worldwide/CIMMYT_Regions/CIMMYT_Africa/RiskMngtKadom

Risk Management for Maize Farmers in Drought-prone Areas of Southern Africa: Proceedings of a Workshop held at Kadoma Ranch, Zimbabwe Available in PDF format / Download whole document Abstract.- This publication describes presentations, discussions, and outcomes of a stakeholders' meeting to develop objectives, activities, and a work plan for a project on risk management in maize-based farming systems in Southern Africa, considered among the most marginal and precarious in the world. Topics covered include soil fertility research and management options; farmers participatory research and technology testing and dissemination approaches; indigenous risk management strategies; and use of crop models. a final chapter reports outcomes of project discussion groups, which among other things recognize the challenge and reiterate the imperative to combine modeling and participatory research, if relevant options are to be offered for high-risk areas. Contents Introductory Remarks Project Overview: Linking Crop Simulation Modeling and Farmer Participatory Research to Improve Soil Productivity in Drought-Prone Environments Some Promising Soil Fertility Technologies Being Developed Within Soil Fert Net Soil Fertility Experimentation and Recommendations fro Drought-Prone Regions of Zimbabwe and Malawi Using Participatory Methods to Develop Manure Options:

38. WATER SUPPLY PLANNING high levels of moisture in the soil and full The Palmer drought Index rates all fourregions We recommend all water management districts consider repairing any http://water.nr.state.ky.us/wsp/wsp10.htm

WATER MANAGEMENT PLANNING SAVE ME DROUGHT STATUS AND WATER SHORTAGE HOME Local Response Phases Palmer Drought Status of Kentucky Counties Cabinet Drought News Release Kentucky Stream Flow Summary ... Kentucky Stream Flow Charts The state of Kentucky begins the new year of 2003 with high levels of moisture in the soil and full lakes and rivers. The state continues to receive various amounts of rain and snow every week. The Palmer Drought Index rates all four regions as Very Moist. Streams are full but very little flooding has occurred so far during the month of January. The second week of January is not as wet as earlier but the Western and Central regions are still in Very Moist while the Blue Grass and Eastern have dropped to Unusual Moist. The El Nino effect is very evident in our changing weather patterns. Water is a precious natural resource. A community must first have water before it can build homes, bring in industry, build new schools, have fire protection, build shopping centers or plan for the future. Contaminating your drinking water with raw sewage, garbage, motor oil, chemicals and trash contributes to the cost of cleaning the water back to a safe level or may render the water unusable. We recommend all water management districts consider repairing any leaks in water infrastructure. The 15-percent leakage is a best management figure. A system with 10-percent loss is losing one gallon in ten of finished water. For example, if you are pumping 500,000 gallons per day of treated water and your loss is 10 percent, you are losing 50,000 gallons. An average home uses about 5,000 gallons of water per month. At 5,000 gallons per month, that is enough water to supply ten homes for a month or 300 homes for a day. These figures are very conservative and are based on 3.5 people per household. We must look at the long-term benefits of good management practices. All water leaks should be repaired when possible, but 10 percent and higher is a significant amount of water to be losing. The true value of water is not appreciated until you run out.

39. Drought Index For fire management, a useful concept of drought is one which treats it as a Thevalues would range from zero (soil and duff saturated with water) up to http://fire.r9.fws.gov/ifcc/monitor/RefGuide/drought_index.htm

40. BUBL LINK / 5:15 Internet Resources: Water Management agricultural research, soil science, water irrigation and drought management, waterresources and deserts, hydrology, water management DeweyClass 627.52 http://bubl.ac.uk/link/w/watermanagement.htm

BUBL LINK / 5:15 Catalogue of Internet Resources Home Search Subject Menus A-Z ... About Water management A-Z Index Titles Descriptions Agricola: Agricultural Online Access ASCE Journals and Periodicals Australian Geological Survey Organisation Bob's Plumbing Advice ... WWW Virtual Library: IRRIGATION and Related Topics Page last updated: 17 March 2003 Comments: bubl@bubl.ac.uk Agricola: Agricultural Online Access Database of bibliographic records covering materials dating from the 16th century to the present. Encompasses all aspects of agriculture and allied disciplines, including plant and animal sciences, forestry, entomology, soil and water resources, alternative farming practices and agricultural economics, products and engineering. Author: National Agricultural Library Subjects: agricultural research, soil science, water management DeweyClass: ResourceType: opac Location: usa Last checked: ASCE Journals and Periodicals Author: American Society of Civil Engineers Subjects: civil engineering, water management DeweyClass: ResourceType: journals Location: usa Last checked: Australian Geological Survey Organisation AGSO's responsibilities are to provide geoscientific maps, research and information to support sustainable development of Australia's mineral and petroleum industries, management of the Australian Ocean Territory, identification and mitigation of geological hazards, and sustainable management of Australia's land and groundwater resources.

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